% arara: pdflatex
% !arara: indent: {overwrite: yes}
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{lipsum}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{environ}
\usepackage[showframe=true]{geometry}

\newsavebox{\vabox}

\NewEnviron{verticallyaligned}{%
	% temporarily set \vamaxheight to nothing during the measurements
	\let\vamaxheight\relax
	% measure the height of the body
	\begin{lrbox}{\vabox}
		\BODY%
	\end{lrbox}
	%
	% set the height of the minipage box
	\newlength{\vamaxheight}
	\setlength{\vamaxheight}{\ht\vabox}
	% output the body, which now contains the new height :)
	\noindent\makebox%
	[%
		\linewidth%
	]%
	[%
		c%
	]%
	{\mbox{}\hfill\BODY\hfill\mbox{}}
	%
}

\begin{document}

\sbox{\vabox}{%
	\begin{minipage}[%
			b][%
		][%
			b]{.10\textwidth}
		\centering
		\includegraphics[%
			width=\textwidth]{example-image-a}
	\end{minipage}
	%
	\begin{minipage}[%
			b][%
		][%
			t]{.15\textwidth}
		\centering
		\includegraphics[%
			width=\textwidth]{example-image-b}
	\end{minipage}
	%
	\begin{minipage}[%
			b][%
		][%
			t]{.20\textwidth}
		\centering
		\includegraphics[%
			width=\textwidth]{example-image-c}
	\end{minipage}
	%
	\begin{minipage}[%
			b][%
		][%
			c]{.10\textwidth}
		\centering
		\includegraphics[%
			width=\textwidth]{example-image}
	\end{minipage}
	%
	\begin{minipage}[%
			b][%
		][%
			t]{.20\textwidth}
		\centering
		\includegraphics[%
			width=\textwidth]{example-image}
	\end{minipage}
	%
}%

\noindent
\begin{minipage}[%
		b][%
		\ht\vabox][%
		b]{.10\textwidth}
	\centering
	\includegraphics[%
		width=\textwidth]{example-image-a}
\end{minipage}
%
\hfill
\begin{minipage}[%
		b][%
		\ht\vabox][%
		t]{.15\textwidth}
	\centering
	\includegraphics[%
		width=\textwidth]{example-image-b}
\end{minipage}
%
\hfill
\begin{minipage}[%
		b][%
		\ht\vabox][%
		t]{.20\textwidth}
	\centering
	\includegraphics[%
		width=\textwidth]{example-image-c}
\end{minipage}
%
\hfill
\begin{minipage}[%
		b][%
		\ht\vabox][%
		c]{.10\textwidth}
	\centering
	\includegraphics[%
		width=\textwidth]{example-image}
\end{minipage}
%
\hfill
\begin{minipage}[%
		b][%
		\ht\vabox][%
		t]{.20\textwidth}
	\centering
	\includegraphics[%
		width=\textwidth]{example-image}
\end{minipage}
%
\par\lipsum

\begin{verticallyaligned}
	\noindent
	\begin{minipage}[%
			b][%
			\vamaxheight][%
			b]{.30\textwidth}
		\centering
		\includegraphics[%
			width=\textwidth]{example-image-a}
	\end{minipage}
	%
	\hfill
	\begin{minipage}[%
			b][%
			\vamaxheight][%
			t]{.10\textwidth}
		\centering
		\includegraphics[%
			width=\textwidth]{example-image-b}
	\end{minipage}
	%
	\hfill
	\begin{minipage}[%
			b][%
			\vamaxheight][%
			t]{.20\textwidth}
		\centering
		\includegraphics[%
			width=\textwidth]{example-image-c}
	\end{minipage}
	%
	\hfill
	\begin{minipage}[%
			b][%
			\vamaxheight][%
			c]{.20\textwidth}
		\centering
		\includegraphics[%
			width=\textwidth]{example-image}
	\end{minipage}
	%
	\hfill
	\begin{minipage}[%
			b][%
			\vamaxheight][%
			t]{.20\textwidth}
		\centering
		\includegraphics[%
			width=\textwidth]{example-image}
	\end{minipage}
	%
\end{verticallyaligned}

\lipsum[%
	1]

\begin{figure}
	\begin{verticallyaligned}
		\noindent
		\begin{minipage}[%
				b][%
				\vamaxheight][%
				c]{.50\textwidth}
			\centering
			\includegraphics[%
				width=\textwidth]{example-image}
			\caption{}
		\end{minipage}
		%
		\hfill
		\begin{minipage}[%
				b][%
				\vamaxheight][%
				t]{.40\textwidth}
			\centering
			\includegraphics[%
				width=\textwidth]{example-image}
			\caption{}
		\end{minipage}
		%
	\end{verticallyaligned}
	\caption{}
\end{figure}

\end{document}
